Fastening means.



A. BROWN. YASTENNG MEANS. APPLIOATXON ULEB AUG. 2s, w14.

Eatented Feb. 2, 3.915.

-is converted from its normal entren srAfrEs earner einen UGUSTUSFREEBORN BROWN; OF HAVRE DE GB'ACEQMARYL-AND,

GOBRELL STEEL SPIKE LOGE RILR GRACE, lMARYLAINLD, .A COBLPDRATIN`ASISIGNOR TO GAD TIEy CORPORATION, 0F HAVRE DE ci? MARYLAND.

` ASTEHING. MEANS.

Speectontof Letters ratent.

'Patented Feb., 2, 1915.

Application lcdftugustg, ESM. ral No. 859,042.

To nfl/Z whom it may concern.'

Be i*L known' that I, AUGUSTUS E. BROWN, a citizen of the United.States, residing at Havre de Grace, in the county of lHartford and StateofiJMai-yland, have inventedv certain new and useful Improvements in.Fastening Means,4 of which the following is.y specification.

My invention relates to a fastening means composed essentially of two(zo-acting parts, one having xa spike or nail receiving socket oropening, ,certainof Whose opposed walls are provided `with integralcurved ribs which project intothe socket or recess and are arrangedinstaggered relation and are adapt,` ed to distort a substantiallystraight nail or spike dri-ven into the socket or recess whereby saidribs impart to opposite vialls of the spike or .nail va. sinuousformation; j. socket er recess having other opposed waiis 'formedintegrally with projecting bosses which are substantially at ri htangles the irst-nanied .ribs an 1ic 1 are also ranged in 'staggered r' nand each ci which is adapted to pA `into one side et spike or nail tothereby displace the metal on the opposite side ci spike or filler ribwhich seats against neil and forni a and trL nsversely occupies thespace between the second-named sides of the spilt@ oir-nail andthecontinguous corresponding Walls of et or recess. whereby lateralvibra y or nail is prevented and. ableness in forming the soc. tion etthe spi. irregularities and compensate for Without the empioyment ofsepar 'I illerpieces.

A leading object of my invention is t provides simple means forengagingand straight form into one that `is of a. wavy character on twoopposite sides, said open,

ing or socket of saidcompanion part having, also, means for distortingthe nail or spike on the remaining opposite sides, which aresubstantially at right angles to the firstmentioned sides which aregiven the wavy or sinuous formation, whereby the iosses or proicctionsare formed on the secondnamed sides during the driving oi the spritenail and which bosses are adapted `to lill the space between the wallsof the opening or socket in which the lnail is driven and thesecond-named sides `oit the spike or nail, whereby the bosses act asfillers and coinpensate 'for an irregularity or variableness incasting'or arming thenail or spike receivln socket or opening and l.teral vibration o the inserted spike or nail is prevented Withoutrequiring the use of shims, separate fillerfpieces and the like.

A furtherobject of 'theinvention is to provide an article of the typementioned which may be cheaply made and which will be found'effective asa nail or spike-grip in attaching one piece to another.

iiith the above and other objects in View my invention consists'of theimproved nail fastening ineansiwhich .l will hereinafter describe andclaim.

Y vide a means whereby a nail, spike or equivalent part may be locked inplace `when driven into place in a part yhaving an opening or socketespecially useful in various arts; it may, for instance,

l be used in buildingconstructions for securprepared for it,y it willbe" apparent that the invention will be found lOO ber, A, may representany art into which is to be driven a nail dr spi xe, B, whicligsecuressaid member to a companion part, and which nail or spike may have anydesired form in cross section. In Fig. 2 I illustrate a four-sided spikesuch as is commonly used for railway construction for securin the railto the tie, but it willbe understoo that a spike or nail, B', of roundor other cross section, (Fig. 4) may be used if the character of theWork to which it is applied should make -it desirable to do so. Thespike or nail whatever its particular cross sectional shape, is normallysubstantially straight but in the drivin of the same, the shape isdesigned to be simultaneously altered and certain ofl its opposite wallsare designed to be' given a serpentine or sinuous .form whereby the nowsubstantially zig-zag nail becomes locked in its recess or socketwithout the aid of other and supplemental fastenings. T hat this objectmay be attained, I fashion the part, A, with a spike receivin openin orsocket, C, of a diameter wliici is sli tly greater than the diameter ofthe nail or spike. Two opposite walls of the socket thus formed areprovided with more or less curved or elonvated ribs, a, which projectinto the socket rom opposite directions, the ribs or projections on onewall alternating with those of the opposed wall to form slibstantially atoituous passage, the nail or spike is driven into the socket it issuccessfully engaged by the tprojections or ribs` a, on opposite wallsan said nail or spike is curved rst in one direction and then in theother, because of the alternate arrangement of the ribs, said nail orspike being thus given a sinuous or wavy form, in the direction of itslength. This construction ai'lords bearing points of substantial area atdi'li'erent points in the length of the nail and alsogives a positive orshoulder grip under the lribs by reason of the zig-za course inl whichthe spike or nail is force" to travel 'while being driven to its seat,said nail being securely retained in place by the aforesaid distortionwithout requiring the use `of supplemental fasteniiigs.

A leading feature of the present improvei ment is to provide means forcompensating for any irregularity or variableness in the walls of thesocket in which the nail or spike is driven. We will suppose that thepart, A, is a casting such as may' be represented by a metallicrailway-tie, or it may be a portion of a beam or like metal part whichhas been cast with a socket whose walls are nte.

pre1 withtlie aforesaid ribs. As there is ikely to be some variablenessin the casting of a metal piece with the aforesaid sockets or spikereceiving openings, and as thecross sectional diameter of the nail orspike may not accord in all instances with Athe cross sectional diameterof the socket or opening,

there will be afforded opportunity for lateral vibration of the nail orspike after it has been driven into the socket, unless separate piecesor shims are employed to fill in the space between the walls of thesocket and the straight sides of the nail 0r ,spike which in thefour-sided spike shown, are at right-angles to those sides which haveboen given the wavy or sinuous outline by being driven past the ribs, a.To compensate for the irregularity and variableness heretoforementioned, and to secure the nail or spike so that all possibility oftransverse vibration may be avoided, I provide on the interior of thosewalls of the socket which stand at right angles to the walls which arecastl with the ribs, a, certain additional bosses, b, which alternatewith each other and with the ribs or projections, a, and which aredesigned to distort the nail or spike while the same is being driveninto its seat in the socket, in a plane substantially at rightangles tothat in which it is bent by the ribs or projections, a. By alternatingthe projections, or bosses, b, and not having| these projectionsl orbosses disposed diametrically opposite each other, depressions areformed in one side of the nail or spike and corresponding projectionsare offset from the options of the sides of the spike or nail and thecorresponding ortions of' the walls adjacent theretowv ereby the nail orspike is made to closely fit the socket or nail aperture transversely,and the nail or spike is thus prevented from having any lateral ortransverse vibration or movement, and which movement is objectionableespecially when the spike is used for securing a railroad rail to ametal tie, or where one partis designedto be so rigidly secured toanotler i that lateral vibiiation would be a detriment. XFFm' theforegoing'it will be apparent y that the. present invention residesprimarily in forming the walls of the socket or open.

ing into which the nail or spike is driven with supplemental bosseswhich are designed to distozt the nail or spike in such manner thatfilling projections are formed on the opposite wallsthereof for thepurose of compensating` for variableness or irregularity in casting orforming the nail o r spike-receiving openings, and that the entirelateral space between one of the bosses.

the wall is designed to be occupied by the spike and that consequentlythere can be no lateral vibration of said spike.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. A fastening of the character described,comprising a part having a socket foi: a driven member, said socketbeing rigid and or "projections, b, and the opposite side of i havingbosses alternately arranged on oppcsed surfaces adapted to distort saiddriven member laterally and form projections thereon during the drivingof the same? said projections serving to ll voids in the sooke memberwhereby lateral vibration of the driven member is avoided.

2. A fastening of the character described,

Acomprising a part having a socke: for a driven member, said sockethaving ribs aiternately arranged on opposed surfaces adabted to beengaged by the driven member whereby a sinuous form driven member duringthe driving thereof, said socket having, also, bosses alternateiy isgiven the 53 arranged on other opposed surfaces adapted to distort thedriven member iateraiiy and form projections thereon simultaneouslywith' the driving ef said member,` seid projections oeirgNb forced intoengagemenrwih the 'Walls said socket to 'hereby'ii voids in the seeke:and hold the driven member .against lateral vibration. l

n estxmony whereof l aiiz: my signature in presence of me Witnesses.

AUGUSTUS FBEEBGRN' BRQWN. Witnesses:

Herm Je

